For:
Bragd J, Adamson U, Bäcklund L, Lins P, Moberg E, Oskarsson P. Can glycaemic variability, as calculated from blood glucose self-monitoring, predict the development of complications in type 1 diabetes over a decade/ Diabetes Metab. 2008;34(6):612–616.
Ceriello A, Esposito K, Piconi L, Ihnat MA, Thorpe JE, Testa R, Boemi M, Giugliano D. Oscillating glucose is more deleterious to endothelial function and oxidative stress than mean glucose in normal and type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes. 2008;57(5):1349–1354. [T2D]
Monnier L, Mas E, Ginet C, Michel F, Villon L, Cristol JP, Colette C. Activation of oxidative stress by acute glucose fluctuations compared with sustained chronic hyperglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes. JAMA. 2006;295(14):1681–1687. [T2D]
Cavalot F, Petrelli A, Traversa M, Bonomo K, Fiora E, Conti M, Anfossi G, Costa G, Trovati M. Postprandial blood glucose is a stronger predictor of cardiovascular events than fasting blood glucose in type 2 diabetes mellitus, particularly in women: lessons from the San Luigi Gonzaga Diabetes Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006;91(3):813–819. [T2D]
Against:
Kilpatrick ES, Rigby AS, Atkin SL. The effect of glucose variability on the risk of microvascular complications in type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2006;29(7):1486–1490. http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/29/7/1486.long
Service FJ, O’Brien PC: The relation of glycaemia to the risk of development and progression of retinopathy in the Diabetic Control and Complications Trail. Diabetologia 44:1215–1220, 2001. [T1D]
Wentholt IM, Kulik W, Michels RP, Hoekstra JB, DeVries JH. Glucose fluctuations and activation of oxidative stress in patients with type 1 diabetes. Diabetologia. 2008;51(1):183–190. [related to oxidative stress as opposed to complications]
I’ll re-state my opinion that any definitive study will have to be prospective and well-designed for it to be meaningful for T1D. So, my feeling is that the jury is still out but that it is better to assume glycemic variability is important rather than unimportant until that day comes.