At the end of the day the pharmacy avenue seems like a blind alley. I couldn’t find one that is prepared to supply under Part B and, regardless, the rules are always the Part B rules.
This is because Medicare Part B ends up paying, even with Part C (which is a privately administered Medicare A+B+usually D).
The B rule for refilling CGM supplies, a code of either A4238 or A4239, is:
The supply allowance (code A4238 or A4239) is a monthly allowance that may be billed to the DME MACs up to a maximum of three (3) units of service (UOS) and no more than a ninety (90) day supply may be dispensed to the beneficiary at a time. Refer to the CODING GUIDELINES section in the LCD-related Policy Article for additional billing instructions.
The Medicare rules further extend the restrictions on refilling CGM supplies. There are a lot of different restrictions and requirements. However it is Part B and there is neither a provision (that I can find) for early resupply or coverage outside the US for supplies under Part B.
Medicaid doesn’t help because it’s your primary insurer for Part D, not Part B; Medicare itself is you primary for Part B. Medigap (a private insurance companies insurance) does not help either because to be covered under any Medigap plan you first have to be covered under Medicare; the primary insurer. Yes, Medigap policies extend coverage outside the US but for emergencies.
So the answer to your question is the one @spdif provided at the end of his comment:
Ask your doc [for a prescription]. Pay the uninsured price. Consider part of the cost of the trip. You’ll only have to do it once or twice till you have enough spares.
You don’t need a medigap policy (“Plan F”; now I know who old @spdif is :-). You do need a prescription. Standard advice for US travelers abroad; carry a copy of all your prescriptions or, in this case better, carry an original prescription.
With that prescription you can go to a supplier in the foreign country and, if legal in that country, obtain the supplies. Well, sometimes you might have to see a local doctor too but generally pharmacists can prescribe. You will have to pay up-front but you might be able to reclaim on a Medigap policy. You might be surprised to find out how little it costs.
That applies for countries where your CGM is available (check first!) If not you can simply take a prescription to most US pharmacies and get it filled before the vacation; you don’t have insurance so you will have to pay the standard non-insurance price which is around $170 for a one month supply of G7 sensors (I don’t know for other sensors; check GoodRx).
Bear in mind that the Abbott CGM sensors are available without a prescription world-wide excluding the US and countries who think they are the US. The Abbott sensors work with 'phone apps so if you have a sort-of up-to-date mobile that is also a reasonable route.
https://diatribe.org/diabetes-technology/new-libre-sense-cgm-available-over-counter-europe
I’d have to laugh but I was crying.