There a constellation of about 30 genes that can make one prone to insulin resistance. Not all who have this set of genes will become type 2 diabetic, but all T2DMs have some or all of them.
Type 2 diabetes both causes fat accumulation and increasing fatty tissue especially on or around the liver increases insulin resistance.
Exercise is tough when insulin resistance is high, because without insulin receptors accepting it fuel (glucose) is not transported into cells.
This lack of energy is another two edged sword, increasing insulin resistance while causing fat accumulation.
In my experience over the past 30 years since diagnosis, reducing dietary carbohydrates is the first step. This alone can increase insulin receptor sensitivity, reduce fatty tissue accumulation, decrease a sense of fatigue and reducing blood glucose levels.
It is not enough, That extra energy needs to be put to work with daily regular exercise. I am a big proponent of aerobic/cardio type exercises in the main. Things like brisk walking, hiking and cycling will improve heart function, circulation And deplete glucose stores in the liver and skeletal muscles. Both will soak up glucose like a sponge.
Resistance exercises are good but, in my opinion, should not be the mainstay exercise of the diabetic. During intensive weight lifting, BG tends to rise, but increased muscle mass is a better sink for glucose.
At 71 I tend to do 2 days of resistance, while doing as much as 7 days of aerobic/cardio.
The best explanation I have read on exercise and all types of diabetes mellitus is from Sheri Colberg’s “The Athlete’s Guid to Diabetes.” The first half of the book is a great explanation of the how of glucose, exercise and insulin work together.
The second half is from diabetic athletes of all types doing all types of sport. Their methods and experiences really illustrate how varied we all are.
You got to keep moving and breathing, that’s key.