Allen, if you have not, you may take a look at the videos Matt B. uploaded on his Afrezza trials at: http://afrezzadownunder.com/afrezza-insulin/
It appears quite a few people have found the videos helpful to them in their understanding of the dosage and timing of Afrezza. See the post below (you will also note that the post indicated that the learning curve was quite tough as it requires a different mindset 
):
Also, on your BG level running high, just for your consideration, could any of these contributed to the high to 283 (note, this is purely for discussion as I have no idea what actually caused the BG rise):
For donuts and coffee (as compared with fatty foods), perhaps you can dose a little bit earlier (than 15 minutes after you started the meal)? Matt B. mentioned in his videos that he typically doses 10 minutes after he starts the meal, but for something like sugary breakfast cereal, he will dose when he starts eating.
Your starting level (the time when you took Afrezza) was relatively high (158)? This seems to indicate that your BG is already trending high when you take your dose. Per Matt. B, for him, this will require more dosage (than if his BG level is lower).
If the BG is high post meal, Al Mann suggested a follow-up does at around 50-60 minutes post meal. So perhaps a follow-up dose 30 minutes before your BG rose to 283 would have helped? http://www.diabetesincontrol.com/an-exclusive-interview-with-al-mann-founder-and-ceo-mannkind-corp/ Matt. B. mentioned something like a dose every forty five minutes if the BG level is elevated.
In addition to the donuts, could the coffee also be blamed partly for the BG rise?